An Abundance of Lithium

نویسنده

  • R. Keith Evans
چکیده

In 1976 a National Research Council Panel estimated that Western World lithium reserves and resources totaled 10.6 million tonnes as elemental lithium. Subsequent discoveries, particularly in brines in the southern Andes and the plateaus of western China and Tibet have increased the tonnages significantly. Geothermal brines and lithium bearing clays add to the total. This current estimate totals 28.4 million tonnes Li equivalent to more than 150.0 million tonnes of lithium carbonate of which nearly 14.0 million tonnes lithium (about 74.0 million tonnes of carbonate) are at active or proposed operations. This can be compared with current demand for lithium chemicals which approximates to 84,000 tonnes as lithium carbonate equivalents (16,000 tonnes Li). Concerns regarding lithium availability for hybrid or electric vehicle batteries or other foreseeable applications are unfounded.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Lithium abundance in a turnoff halo star on an extreme orbit

Context. The lithium abundance in turnoff stars of the old population of our Galaxy is remarkably constant in the metallicity interval −2.8 < [Fe/H] < −2.0, defining a plateau. The Li abundance of these turnoff stars is clearly lower than the abundance predicted by the primordial nucleosynthesis in the frame of the standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Different scenarios have been proposed for ex...

متن کامل

The Lithium Plateau Enigma

Main-sequence Pop II stars stars with effective temperatures between 5500K and 6500K show a remarquably constant value for the lithium abundance (⇐⇒ the lithium plateau). Furthermore the dispersion around this value is very small (Bonifacio & Molaro 1997). However, from the observations of Pop I stars, there is strong evidence that the lithium abundance highly varies from star to star. The vari...

متن کامل

An Investigation into the Optimization of Release Profile of Lithium Carbonate from Matrix-type Tablets Containing Carbopols, Pemulen and Eudragits

The influence of various polymers on the release rate of lithium carbonate from matrix-type tablets was investigated in an attempt to formulate a sustained release solid dosage form. For this purpose, tablets containing 450 mg of lithium carbonate along with various amounts of Carbopol 934P, 971P, 974P, Pemulen and Eudragit RLPO as retarding agents and inactive ingredients (e.g. PVP, Avicel or ...

متن کامل

Cosmic Lithium: Going up or Coming Down?

Observations of interstellar lithium provide a valuable complement to studies of lithium in Pop I and Pop II stars. Large corrections for unseen LiII and for non-gas phase lithium have provided obstacles to using interstellar data for abundance determinations. An approach to surmounting these difficulties is proposed and is applied to the Galaxy and the LMC. The key is that since potassium and ...

متن کامل

An Investigation into the Optimization of Release Profile of Lithium Carbonate from Matrix-type Tablets Containing Carbopols, Pemulen and Eudragits

The influence of various polymers on the release rate of lithium carbonate from matrix-type tablets was investigated in an attempt to formulate a sustained release solid dosage form. For this purpose, tablets containing 450 mg of lithium carbonate along with various amounts of Carbopol 934P, 971P, 974P, Pemulen and Eudragit RLPO as retarding agents and inactive ingredients (e.g. PVP, Avicel or ...

متن کامل

Lithium reduces aquaporin-2 transcription independent of prostaglandins.

Vasopressin (AVP)-stimulated translocation and transcription of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channels in renal principal cells is essential for urine concentration. Twenty percent of patients treated with lithium develop nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a disorder in which the kidney is unable to concentrate urine. In vivo and in mouse collecting duct (mpkCCD) cells, lithium treatment coincide...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2008